Hessian fly - meaning and definition. What is Hessian fly
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What (who) is Hessian fly - definition

SPECIES OF INSECT
Hessian Fly; Mayetiola destructor; Barley midge; Midgefly; Midge fly; Wheat midge

Hessian fly         
¦ noun a gall midge whose larvae are a pest of cereal crops. [Mayetiola destructor.]
Origin
C18: so named because it was supposed (erroneously) to have been carried to America by troops from Hesse in Germany during the War of Independence.
Hessian fly         
The Hessian fly or barley midge, Mayetiola destructor, is a species of fly that is a significant pest of cereal crops including wheat, barley and rye. Though a native of Asia, upon its discovery it was believed to have been transported into North America in the straw bedding of Hessian troops during the American Revolution (1775–1783), thus the origin of its common name.
Stephen Hessian         
CANADIAN POLITICIAN
Stephen S. Hessian; Hessian, Stephen
Stephen Stanley Hessian (October 2, 1891 – November 5, 1962) was a lawyer and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 5th Kings from 1920 to 1923 and 3rd Kings from 1935 to 1939 and from 1955 to 1962 in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island as a Liberal.

Wikipedia

Hessian fly

The Hessian fly or barley midge, Mayetiola destructor, is a species of fly that is a significant pest of cereal crops including wheat, barley and rye. Though a native of Asia, upon its discovery it was believed to have been transported into North America in the straw bedding of Hessian troops during the American Revolution (1775–1783), thus the origin of its common name. However, the report of an inquiry made in 1788 by Sir Joseph Banks states that "no such insect could be found to exist in Germany or any other part of Europe". Nonetheless, it appears that this species, or one exactly like it in habits, had been known for at least a century prior to the American revolution from a locality near Geneva, and also for a long time from some regions in France.

There are usually two generations a year but may be up to five. In the spring the dark-coloured female lays about 250 to 300 reddish eggs on plants, usually where the stems are covered by leaves; the larvae feed on the sap and weaken the plants so that they cannot bear grain.

The Hessian fly was described by Thomas Say in 1817. It is a very harmful insect. It mainly attacks the stem, although if it is especially hungry it will eat any part of the plant it can find.

In 1836, a severe infestation of Hessian flies resulted in a crop shortage aggravating the financial problems of farmers prior to the Panic of 1837.